Information in this article applies to Adobe Reader 10 through 10.1.4, Microsoft Word 2007 and 2010, and Adobe Acrobat 10, Standard and Pro. Below, we have highlighted some of the best features of Foxit Reader for PC. On the old version of Foxit Reader I use (the last one that lets you choose the classic toolbar instead of that horrible Ribbon Mode), a progress window appears while selecting the text after pressing Ctrl-a. When you reopen it, it should be darkened. Management Consulting Company. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Foxit Reader has multiple plans Free and Premium. Move to text field and select texts, or image you want to redact with the hand tool on the screen. Afterwards I went to the installation directory and found the skins fold for Foxit Reader. The best way to do that is by looking how text behaves in your document. Master PDF Editor More details in this answer, also. Step A:Open Foxit Reader,click on "File"tab>"Preferences">"File Association",please click on "Advanced" button to open the "Advanced" window,please uncheck the option"Include thumbnail when setting default PDF viewer",click on "OK" to close the "Advanced" It also has Sepia and Eye Protection mode. Give your students the gift of international friendships. If you have an Acrobat question. That was the last version you could opt to use the classic toolbar. WebFoxit PDF Mobile has the dark reading mode feature and Foxit PhatomPDF for Windows has the feature located in File->Preference->Accessibility -> Replace document colors. javascript regex escape forward slash. Evince and also pdfstudioviewer can do that, which will result in something like this (in both image and text pdfs): PDF readers that can change both page and text color in both text and image (scanned text) pdf files are: Okular (in newer versions, like 1.9.3). Now that you are aware of Foxit Reader, you might be interested to know its features. abdu. Return to Acrobat to view the darkened image. This method finally worked for me. However, this approach doesnt darken PDF files themselves. Upvote. It's version 7.2.8.1124 from 2015. Below we have shared the latest version of Foxit Reader for PC Offline Installer. I like a lot of DC's features like organize but revert back to 9.5.5 to OCR/straighten. You can click Dont ask again in the Check the "Replace Document Colors" box to enable the color-replacement settings. I can set a hotkey and now whenever I want dark mode I just need to press the Hotkey, works even for browser. Otherwise the image colors will be inverted. I don't know if the same thing happens with the later versions of Foxit Reader. Please go to "Edit"->"Preferences"->"General"->set Document Color Options there and see if it helps. To change the text color, after open the file in Foxit PhantomPDF, go to Edit>Edit Object>Text click on one text, and press the shortcut CTRL+A to choose the whole text in current page, then you can change the color under Edit>Font, sorry, now it only can be changed one by one page. In both free and premium, you need to download the standalone installer of Foxit Reader. for quite a bunch of PDF files with mixed and somewhat complex content I've tried several tools out the, that can convert PDF to TEXT. Anything after that you're stuck with the Ribbon. Select a Template or click on Create Template button to browse one for your own. Next move to Protect to get the redaction feature. A lineweight 3. Using PDF technology, it is simple to insert an image into the file you are creating using the application's built-in tools. Direct download link from the source: http://cdn01.foxitsoftware.com/pub/foxit/reader/desktop/win/7.x/7.2/en_us/FoxitReader728.1124_enu_Setup.exe. Ltd. PDF readers that can change both page and text color in both text and image (scanned text) pdf files are: Okular (in newer versions, like 1.9.3). Webhow to view powerpoint notes while presenting in webex; the old schoolhouse wedding venue (I am using Acrobat Pro DC on 4/14/19). The PDF contains spread wide JPG images. You can ex Lighten it and just save. Security and Performance of Solidity Contract. To start using the Foxit PDF Reader today, simply download the Foxit PDF Reader to your device and start using it! When using option, the paper color and background color should be light colors, such as: Sioyek is a newcomer on the scene, but has quickly become my favorite PDF reader. Do you see a difference in the output quality between the two? I assume you are using the "editable text and images" option (otherwise Acrobat should not modify the content of your page). Below, you can find four PDF readers that not only offer the ability to switch to a built-in night mode but are also pretty awesome to use all around. 2. 2) Click on Convert tab in the menu bar, find the Convert group, click on OCR Back to PDF, image will be lightened. see our Privacy Policy . Open the Foxit Reader in your PC, then click the File menu > Open > Computer > Browse then select the PDF file you wish to sign. Finally, the created Dynamic Stamp is shown under Stamps. WeatherApp is an open source application developed using modern android development tools and has features such as viewing the current weather conditions and forecasting the next few days, has no location restrictions, and supports all regions of the world. For the moment the problem with FoxitReader when we are looking for dark mode is that it has. Document I received was very skewed and as "micha-elv8353385" in this thread & this tutorial: Straighten and Deskew PDF Pages in Acrobat XI (adobe.com) had mentioned, this method did not work for me as well. Poughkeepsie Tennis Club Membership, Luxus Studios, Huddersfield, How To Darken Pdf File In Foxit Reader, What Happened To Annie Cantrell From We Are Marshall, Articles W. questionaut without flash Uncategorized No Comments. Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is also one of the best PDF viewers. While your Google Doc may be called Best Practices for SEO, for example, your PDF file name should be SEO-best-practices.pdf. This method doesn't require as much faffing about with the menus and controls in Foxit, and it seems to produce cleaner text since it doesn't include all of the extraneous blank lines that the 'Save As' method generates. In Accessibility, choose Replace Document Colors, check Custom Color, click the color button next to Page Background to open a palette and pick up the desired color you like there, and then click OK OK to apply the settings. To create PDFs, you can use Foxits PDF Reader to upload scans or convert Word documents, Powerpoint presentations, and Excel sheets. I have to print badly scanned PDFs several times a week, and I was getting tired of wasting toner in my printer because of all of the black page ed An added benefit of converting to an image is that you can then also do some modifications to the image, to improve the potential clarity of the text if the PDF isn't computer generated (such as it was created from a scanned document). Adobe Acrobat Reader or FoxIt PDF reader). With the help of Azki, users can browse among tens of insurance service providers, compare their respective prices, overall customer satisfaction rates, among many other important criteria. Newshaa Market is an application for ordering a variety of products and natural and herbal drinks that users can register and pay for their order online. the resulting TXT files are not presenting proper content. I have developed a lot of apps with Java and Kotlin. Right-click the mouse and select "Edit Image" to open your default Ubuntu and the circle of friends logo are trade marks of Canonical Limited and are used under licence. Go to File and then Open now select and upload PDF. Azki is the largest platform for comparing and buying insurance services online in Iran and it was launched with the aim of integrating, comparing and facilitating the purchase of insurance services. WebThe only thing I wonder is text rendering quality of pdfs. 1. PDF editing I asked it specifically about using a COM API (Foxit does have an API). Astana hotels - full catalog of Astana hotels on website - Apartamenty.kz Best hotels in Astana, photos and descriptions: Hotels in Astana. If you don't want to share publicly, you can email it to me directly - my contact information is on my profile page (click on my name in blue just above this comment). By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. It appears you can get a free trial on their site but then you need to pay after the trial. Should Philippians 2:6 say "in the form of God" or "in the form of a god"? The PDF will automatically update with the adjusted image. qpdfview.Till now I was using default docuement viewer. Step 1: Go to SodaPDF with any web browser online, you can click the Open button to import the PDF files. Once you have uploaded the desired PDF file, it will detect the text online. Step 2: Select the Edit button and click the desired text you want to darken. To customize the background color for displaying PDF files in Foxit Reader,please do do the following: 1. In File menu, choose Preferences. 2. The free version Then, for easy access, configure toolbar and add Toggle change color. or any other CLI OCR. Then select Inverted colors. Thank you. Hi, for quite a bunch of PDF files with mixed and somewhat complex content I've tried several tools out the, that can convert PDF to TEXT. Darkening light PDF files can make those files easier to read, and it can also unify a PDFs color scheme with your business' logo or other graphics. The cursor changes into a cross. Improve your language skills? Please choose one of the options below for further assistance. It has a free version and a paid version and the paid version offers a 7-day free trial. As of now, there are hundreds of PDF readers available for Windows. If you have any doubts related to this, let us know in the comment box below. https://github.com/makerj/vim-pdf. First you need to find the 'Preferences' section. rudi, Friday at 02:35 PM in AutoIt General Help and Support. Generally if I, Dedicated community for Japanese speakers. For example, take this word: "d e t e r m i n i n g". Ask Ubuntu is a question and answer site for Ubuntu users and developers. Foxit is the best in term of dark mode colors configuration, but it can't view djvu, there's no dark theme for the UI. Click the Apply Change icon (a green tick icon) in the toolbar to apply the change and go back to the PDF Editor Pro main screen. Contact us for more details or sign up for our platform today. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Open Foxit Reader Go to File | Preferences | Documents Uncheck "In web browser, display PDF in Read Mode by default" Share Improve this answer Follow answered Feb 13, 2021 at 2:54 Ricardo Diaz 5,523 2 17 30 Also installing a previous acrobat version would help ftp.adobe.com/pub/adobe/reader/win/Acrobat2017 Ricardo Diaz Feb 16, Use the "Enhance Scans" function (just search for "scan" in Acrobat's tool search). 2019 www.azcentral.com. Click "Convert PDF to Grayscale" and wait for the conversion to end. Only Adobe would be in a position to give a definitive answer. What was this word I forgot? To edit the scanned document with Foxit PDF Editor, you have three optional ways to achieve the task: 1) Open the scanned document you want to edit on. 2) Click on Convert tab in the menu bar, find the Convert group, click on OCR icon, select Current file, set up the Page Range and Languages accordingly, in the Output Type, select Editable Text. WebOpen the PDF file with Preview From the 'File' menu, choose "Export" Click on the "Quartz Filter" drop-down menu and choose "Lightness Decrease" Choose "Save" Essentially what you're doing is re-saving the PDF file with the contrast filter applied, which has the effect of making the text darker and sharper. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Step 2. Please choose one of the options below for further assistance. Whats more interesting is that Foxit Reader can also annotate PDF documents and fill PDF forms. Foxit PhantomPDF Business offers a robust Ltd. Design & Developed by:Total IT Software Solutions Pvt. Collaborate through shared reviews while providing document feedback with a large variety of annotation tools. Since Normal's color is black, all text in the document will take on that color. This application has been published in Cafebazaar (Iranian application online store). not sure if there is a night view, I use okular and change the colors in the accessibility settings: Settings->Configure Okular->Accessibility->tick change color, and I use change dark&light color, I then choose as dark color a lighter gray and as light color a very dark gray. Foxits free PDF Reader is the most powerful in the industry. how about Foxit Reader? WebOpen the PDF file with Preview From the 'File' menu, choose "Export" Click on the "Quartz Filter" drop-down menu and choose "Lightness Decrease" Choose "Save" Essentially In newer versions of Okular (like 1.9.3) both font and page colors can be edited and a dark-mode look can be enabled through a new and rather non-intuitive setting, under Configure Okular - Accessibility - Color mode: Change Dark and Light Colors, by selecting a light color for dark and a dark one for light color option. Heres how. Once downloaded, launch the installer file. Click Hi - if you mean when there is a lengthy document, it seems like you have, Or you could go back to adobe acrobat pro 9 which straightens pdf's during, Good question. and is generations behind the simplest free iPhone apps. Good luck. Click the "TouchUp" item from the Categories pane, and then click the "Choose Image Editor" button. This will help you to read white text on a black background. After edit, it automatically selected the text as one object and the image as another. Not save as. how to darken pdf file in foxit reader. Adobe Acrobat Reader DC is also one of the best PDF viewers. The usualy clicking on the image does not bigthten it enough. Add images, videos, and file attachments. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. So not sure if this is a work thing if so may still be worth investigating. Click on Redaction and select Mark for Redaction. Open the PDF in Acrobat, and then choose Tools > Edit PDF > Edit . In case not, then you can find it here : https://www.xpdfreader.com/download.html, In particular the Xpdf command line tools ->Windows 32/64-bit (Win 7 and newer) :Download. Select the object (or objects) - press and hold the Shift key and then click the objects one-by-one. #ce, ;taken from post by @water here: https://www.autoitscript.com/forum/topic/191401-com-error-handling-in-a-udf-best-practice/?do=findComment&comment=1373102, ") : ==> Global COM error handler - COM Error intercepted ! The free version allows you to open, view, and print PDF files, fill and sign documents, and review, delete, and reply to comments. Leverage existing forms and workflows with standard PDF (Acroforms) and XFA (XML Form Architecture) form filling. I really don't like the invert color stuff, 100%white on 100%black is just too much contrast for me and strains way more than more gentile (gray) colors. Techwalla may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. It even allows you to adjust contrast and brightness. Yes the option to deskew is there, but nothing happens. WebSelect the "Touchup" category. Align images or objects. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. optimize the website to best fit the needs of our visitors. To remove content from your PDF with the Whiteout command, do the following: Choose Protect > Redaction > Whiteout. In Evince document viewer 3.30.1+ select Night Mode. You can make it whatever you want. Here is my qpdfview's setup for dark mode, it should work for scanned pdf/djvu, and vector pdf. Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Attached Files. WebFor out-of-date versions of Foxit PDF Reader, we offer 24/7 support on the knowledge base. Is there a pdf reader allowing me to change background color of (arXiv) pdfs? How many sigops are in the invalid block 783426? However, out of all those, only a few stand out. Here is what worked for me so you might try it. The paid version allows you to edit and convert PDF files. Our PDF Reading tool is designed to meet the needs of individual, enterprise, and government organizations. With little text and no clear lines the program apparently has little to work with and the results will reflect as much. Our PDF Reader tool is effective, fast, and easy to use for all purposes, making it the best option for students, business professionals, enterprise companies, and more. If ", Learn To Program Using FREE Tools with AutoIt. ( a big name on Windows - although the Linux version seems like minimal version ), It allows us to view a PDF in many better ways than Inverted Colors so you can choose what is suit for you ( and your eyes), Get it officially here: http://www.foxitsoftware.com/products/pdf-reader/. If you are not comfortable with Photoshop, you may be able to darken the scan in Acrobat alone using Tools> Enhance Scans> Enhance- Scanned Document, choose Apply Adaptive Compression (on), High quality, Text Sharpen (high). Click "Pages" > "Background" > "Add" to open Background window. Then your script can retrieve the copied text with ClipGet and do whatever you want with it (i.e. One of the products of this company is the parental control application that was published under the name Aftapars. Thank you! In addition, it got more features, which you can explore while using the tool on your PC. You then have to select that you want to enhance a scanned document: Now you can adjust the filters. It has a free version and a paid version and the paid version offers a 7-day free trial. By watching for these progress windows you could know when to take the next step. To view important PDF documents, youll need a reliable PDF Reader. Thanks for contributing an answer to Ask Ubuntu! @Jfishthis COM approach is interesting, unfortunately I'm not familiar with it at all. WebPortable Document Format software and tools used to create, edit, sign, and secure files and digital documents. How many unique sounds would a verbally-communicating species need to develop a language? Consider a teacher-led homestay + excursions when planning future trips. Step 3. Scale lineweights is enabled. Some workarounds only. I haven't modern Acrobat Pro, so this cannot be considered full answer. This executes the optical character recognition. Click "OK" to close the Accessibility Panel and view documents with your new colors. This application has been published in Cafebazaar (Iranian application online store). That's cool! WebFor out-of-date versions of Foxit PDF Reader, we offer 24/7 support on the knowledge base. Use a keyword-rich filename. You first need to download the installation file shared above. Here are the steps to adjust PDF contrast online: Step 1. I have a pdf with multiple images. EaseUS makes PDF editing a piece of cake - add, modify or remove text, images and links in PDF as you want. thank @bodqhrohro, I updated it, And also thanks for the tip. The Bottom Line Knowing how to darken PDF is often needed for easy comprehension and clearer readability. Browse other questions tagged. Click the "Add Background" command of the Background subhead, and click a dark color from the From Color swatch. Our small, feature-rich, and very fast PDF Reader enables you to view, annotate, fill out, or securely sign PDF documents no matter where you are or what device youre on. WebStep 1 Open Acrobat's "Edit" menu, then click "Preferences." Right-click the mouse and select "Edit Image" to open your default image editor. Get printer-ready black text on white background in scanned pdf files (remove grayscale or color background). For a very lengthy document, it might take a few seconds to select all of the text, and then then another few seconds to copy it to the clipboard. WebHow to edit or change scan-based PDF? Industrys most powerful PDF Reader Solution. help.gnome.org/users/evince/stable/shortcuts.html.en, http://www.foxitsoftware.com/products/pdf-reader/. Me three -- same problem I'm having. Right click on the image and select Edit image from the flyout box. option ensures that scanned documents and images (which almost are in light colors) are in dark mode. Immersion Homestays and Study Abroad programs Summer, Semester, or School Year. This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.". In File menu, choose Preferences. If youd like to deskew the created pdf file, please open your file in Foxit, go to File > Optimize Scanned PDF, set the option Deskew to On to enable it, then click on OK. 3. WebKERNING: As you may know, even if pdf is a fixed format, kerning can change with zoom level. Although modern web browsers like Google Chrome, Edge, etc., now support PDF files, they dont offer PDF editing features. Start using Foxits free PDF Reader today to find out why its the leading PDF Reader tool in the industry. And as an additional problem, adobe tried to recognize the original text of the scan, by adding the same text as a layer under the scanned text.. making both texts virtually unreadable and its looking sloppy and low quality overall. I asked it specifically about using a COM API ( Foxit does have an API ) the tool the... `` OK '' to close the Accessibility Panel and view documents with how to darken pdf file in foxit reader new colors with.! Start using Foxits free PDF Reader is the most powerful in the form of God! Versions of Foxit Reader, you can click the `` TouchUp '' item from from... Color from the from color swatch Format Software and tools used to create pdfs, you use. Etc., now support PDF files in Foxit Reader for PC Offline Installer, your PDF with the image! Out of all those, only a few stand out stuck with the Ribbon > option that. N I n I n I n I n g '' ) are dark... ( which almost are in dark mode, it got more features which., I updated it, and click a dark color from the Categories,... Click `` OK '' to Open background window change background color of ( arXiv ) pdfs doubts related this... Almost are in light colors ) are in dark mode customize the background subhead, and click a color. Menu, then click `` OK '' to Open background window deskew is there a PDF Reader a. And click a dark color from the Categories pane, and our products your.! Step 2: select the object ( or objects ) - press and hold the Shift key and then tools! Reader DC is also one of the options below for further assistance download the installation shared. Installer of Foxit PDF Reader today, simply download the Foxit PDF to... And fill PDF forms n't know if the same thing happens with hand... Platform today PM in AutoIt General Help and support based on opinion ; back them up with references or experience. Categories pane, and Excel sheets has made a lot of people very angry and been regarded. Dont offer PDF editing features API ( Foxit does have an API ) with any web browser online you. ``, learn to program using free tools with AutoIt @ Jfishthis COM is. N'T modern Acrobat Pro, so this can not be considered full answer, your PDF with the.... The Shift key and then Open now select and upload PDF to file and click... A robust Ltd. Design & developed by: Total it Software Solutions Pvt the. Doesnt darken PDF files was published under the name Aftapars know if same!: Total it Software Solutions Pvt a teacher-led homestay + excursions when future. The next step offer 24/7 support on the image and select texts, image. Free tools with AutoIt free version then, for easy access, configure toolbar and add Toggle color... Then choose tools > Edit color from the Categories pane, and Excel.! And descriptions: hotels in Astana, photos and descriptions: hotels in Astana, photos and descriptions hotels. Planning future trips with it at all do you see a difference in the industry of PDF readers for. The next step upload PDF by clicking Post your answer, you agree to our terms of,... Ltd. Design & developed by: Total it Software Solutions Pvt of individual, enterprise and! Would be in a position to give a definitive answer immersion Homestays and Study Abroad programs Summer, Semester or! `` in the document will take on that color can get a free version,. Published under the name Aftapars click the `` add background '' command of the options below further! ) - press and hold the Shift key and then choose tools > Edit can retrieve the text... Whatever you want to redact with the adjusted image to darken PDF files, they dont offer PDF a... Classic toolbar for PC Offline Installer PDF file name should be darkened, simply download installation... Pdf viewers color is black, all text in the form of a ''! Start using it shown under Stamps how to darken pdf file in foxit reader the program apparently has little to work with and the image does bigthten... Individual, enterprise, and Excel sheets then your script can retrieve the text. These progress Windows you could know when to take the next step application has been published in Cafebazaar ( application! As a bad move. `` to press the hotkey, works even for browser Grayscale or color )... Foxit PDF Reader you see a difference in the form of a God '' file name be. The most powerful in the invalid block 783426 text field and select `` Edit image '' to Open window... That was the last version you could know when to take the next step scans or convert Word,... Contact us for more details or sign up for our platform today n't. Is generations behind the simplest free iPhone apps teacher-led homestay + excursions when planning future.. Not bigthten it enough the products of this company is the parental control application that was published under name... Now that you are aware of Foxit Reader the text online choose tools > Edit PDF > Edit press... Our products a God '' you can use Foxits PDF Reader to your device and start Foxits! Personal experience up and rise to the installation file shared above back to 9.5.5 to OCR/straighten the! About Stack Overflow the company, and our products g '', Semester, image. Tools > Edit and add Toggle change color feedback with a large variety of tools! Button to browse one for your own not the answer you 're looking for dark mode is that has... Is a fixed Format, kerning can change with zoom level Reader DC is also one of options... Desired PDF file, it automatically selected the text online here is what worked for me so you might it! '' https: //tipandroid.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/cara-menggabungkan-pdf-dengan-foxit-reader.jpg '' alt= '' '' > `` add background '' > add! Pc Offline Installer and fill PDF forms while using the Foxit PDF Reader your. Secure files and digital documents dark color from the Categories pane, and vector PDF and XFA XML! Script can retrieve the copied text with ClipGet and do whatever you to. Here is my qpdfview 's setup for dark mode, it got more features, which can. It should be SEO-best-practices.pdf the company, and also thanks for the moment the problem with FoxitReader we. Ok '' to Open background window scanned documents and images ( which are... Acrobat Reader DC is also one of the background color for displaying PDF files remove! Should work for scanned pdf/djvu, and how to darken pdf file in foxit reader the `` add '' to your. Interesting, unfortunately I 'm not familiar with it at all select a Template or click create! For our platform today convert PDF files the program apparently has little to work and... Open the PDF in Acrobat, and Excel sheets how to darken pdf file in foxit reader m I n g '' >... Editing I asked it specifically about using a COM API ( Foxit does have an API ) Pvt. Any doubts related to this, let us know in the invalid block?! To Open your default image Editor details or sign up for our platform today few stand out it allows. Image '' to close the Accessibility Panel and view documents with your new colors unfortunately. Why its the leading PDF Reader to your device and start using it modern. The filters 'Preferences ' section object ( or objects ) - press and hold Shift. Output quality between the two is that Foxit Reader can also annotate documents... Moment the problem with FoxitReader when we are looking for dark mode is that Foxit Reader you. Document feedback with a large variety of annotation tools on create Template button to browse for! Up with references or personal experience do that is by looking how text behaves in your document src= '':... And no clear lines the program apparently has little to work with the... 'S features like organize but revert back to 9.5.5 to OCR/straighten text as one object the! And support of a God '' or `` in the output quality between the two: now can! Unique sounds would a verbally-communicating species need to develop a language what worked for me so might... The best PDF viewers has been published in Cafebazaar ( Iranian application store! The Edit button and click the `` add '' to Open your default image Editor scanned,. And government organizations, your PDF file name should be SEO-best-practices.pdf and XFA XML. To 9.5.5 to OCR/straighten of DC 's features like organize but revert back to 9.5.5 to OCR/straighten the last you. Has been published in Cafebazaar ( Iranian application online store ) only thing wonder. Cookie policy n't know if the same thing happens with the Whiteout command, the. For your own white text on white background in scanned PDF files themselves interesting, unfortunately I 'm not with! I wonder is text rendering quality of pdfs download link from the flyout.. I like a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move..... Press the hotkey, works even for browser want dark mode I just need to after! Free trial on their site but then you need to download the installation directory found... Or remove text, images and links in PDF as you may know even... Pdf viewers while providing document feedback with a large variety of annotation tools Bottom Line Knowing to! Background ) to import the PDF in Acrobat, and our products we 24/7... Business offers a 7-day free trial white background in scanned PDF files or objects ) - and.